Original Articles
Global Framework for Scientific Event: A 32-Country & 118-Expert Collaborative Effort
- Fahmi H. Kakamad,
- Fattah H. Fattah,
- Abdulwahid M. Salih,
- Berun A. Abdalla,
- Shvan H. Mohammed,
- Walid R. Rashed,
- Adam C. Naj,
- Radoslaw Spiewak,
- Vedran Kovacic,
- Marko Mladineo,
- Marko Perić,
- Ladislav Batalik,
- Piotr Major,
- Aleksander Panasiuk,
- Dominik Strzelecki,
- Piotr Wysocki,
- Elżbieta Senkus,
- Pero Lučin,
- Fernando Ferreira-Santos,
- M.P.F. Graça,
- Manuel Fernandes Ferreira,
- João Miguel Dias,
- Albano Beja-Pereira,
- Hugo Rodrigues,
- Nelson Lima,
- Pedro Rosário,
- Sofia Maraki,
- Sergey P. Chenakin,
- Iryna S. Shevchenko,
- Jer-Yen Yang,
- Ouajdi Korbaa,
- Gusztáv Fekete,
- Imre Ferenc Barna,
- Miklos Garami,
- Orestis Ioannidis,
- Orfeu Bertolami,
- Meropi D. Kontogianni,
- George Notas,
- Victoria Samanidou,
- Jean-François Mas,
- Juan G. Báez-González,
- Alejandro Córdova-Izquierdo,
- Nicholas J. Bradshaw,
- Željka Fiket,
- Alex Wilson,
- Marwan N. Hassan,
- Rawezh Q. Salih,
- Hunar A. Hassan,
- Hawbash M. Rahim,
- Hiwa O. Abdullah,
- Sasan M. Ahmed,
- Ayman M. Mustafa,
- Timothée Levi,
- Andrés Caballero Garcia de Oteyza,
- Harun Amanj Ahmed,
- Shaney Flores,
- Mahmoud Fathi Nassar,
- Maciej Kostrubiec,
- Raimund Pechlaner,
- Amirreza Mahbod,
- Tim Brys,
- Hubert Rahier,
- Evgeniy Yakushev,
- Christer Janson,
- Francisco García-Muro-San José,
- Ramón Salaverría,
- Amedeo Amedei,
- Alfredo Vannacci,
- Elza Bontempi,
- Matteo Paganini,
- Tetsushi Sakuma,
- Yoshihiro Noda,
- Ali Mobasheri,
- Mutlu Özcan,
- Alexander Martynenko,
- Krykliy Olena,
- Boris Mankovsky,
- Ki Hyun Kim,
- Jinsoo Kim,
- Cheorl-Ho Kim,
- Aleksandra Torbica,
- Esma R. Isenovic,
- Olgica D. Stefanović,
- Eleonora Dubljanin,
- Ivana Radojević,
- Silviu Daniel Preda,
- Ion Mihai,
- Manjul Tripathi,
- Prabudh Goel,
- Swapnajeet Sahoo,
- Vishal Sharma,
- Joao A. Martino,
- Sergio Adorno,
- Arthur Belém Novaes JR,
- Jalal Arabloo,
- Yousef Moradi,
- Behzad Shahmoradi,
- Sakineh Shab-Bidar,
- Parvaneh Taymoori,
- Ali Khamesipour,
- Kamran B. Lankarani,
- Nima Rezaei,
- Abbas Sheikhtaheri,
- Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh,
- Zahra Atafar,
- Riffat Naseem Malik,
- Sidra Zaheer,
- Sohail Nadeem,
- Hassan Elahi,
- Akbar Jaleel Zubairi,
- Nawazish A. Khan,
- Gul Shahnaz,
- Muhammad Zafar,
- Shiyam Sunder Tikmani,
- Ali Hassan,
- Masood Umer,
- Furqan Kabir,
- Shelina Bhamani
Author details
College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Xzmat Polyclinic, Rizgari, Kalar, Iraq
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office), Hamdi Street, Azadi mall, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA
Department of Experimental Dermatology and Cosmetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Division of Emergency and Intensive Medicine with Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Rudera Boskovica, Croatia
Department of Management, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Rijeka, Opatija, Croatia
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Management and Social Communication, ul. Prof. St. Łojasiewicza 4, Kraków, Poland
Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 8/10 Czechoslowacka Street, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum Hospital, Krakow, Poland
European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Praça de Gomes Teixeira, Porto, Portugal
CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
CIBIO-InBio, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
RISCO, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
CEB-Biological Engineering Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
Department of Applied Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36 Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Ukraine
V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Square, Kharkiv, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine
Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, China
Laboratory MARS, LR17ES05, ISITCom, Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
Department of Material Science and Technology, Audi Hungaria Faculty of Automotive Engineering, Széchenyi István University, Gyor, Hungary
Hungarian Research Network Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29 - 33, Budapest, Hungary
Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Fourth Department of Surgery, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital “George Papanikolaou”, Thessaloniki, Greece
Departamento de F ́ısica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciˆencias, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, Porto, Portugal
Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Laboratorio de Análisis Espacial, Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
Departamento de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Departamento de Agricultura y Producción Animal, Calzada del hueso 1100, Ciudad de México, CP, Mexico
Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
Laboratory for Inorganic Environmental Geochemistry and Chemodynamics of Nanoparticles, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
Queen's Management School, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
IMS, CNRS UMR5218, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Department of Radiology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
Department of Endocrinology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, USA
Mater Private Network, Citygate, Mahon, Cork, Ireland
Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, Innsbruck, Austria
Research Center for Medical Image Analysis and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Medicine, Danube Private University, Krems an der Donau, Austria
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Bd de la Plaine 2, Ixelles, Belgium
Physical Chemistry and Polymer Science (FYSC), Sustainable Materials Engineering (SUME) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, Belgium
Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien, Norway
Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University San Pablo-CEU, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
School of Communication, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
PeaRL-Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, CiaoLapo Foundation, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
Clinic of Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the N.A.S. of Ukraine, 36 Academician Vernadsky Boulevard, Ukraine
Sumy State University, Kharkivs'ka Street,, Sumy, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine
Department of Diabetology, National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon, South Korea
University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, Serbia
Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, “VINCA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O.Box 522, Belgrade, Serbia
University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, Kragujevac, Serbia
Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Department of Surgery, Craiova, Romania
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
LSI/PSI/USP, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Department of Sociology (DS), School of Philosophy, Letters and Human Sciences (FFLCH) at the University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
Chairman of Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Health Management and Economics Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, Pakistan
Department of Chemistry, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Department of Mechatronics Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
Population and Reproductive Health Section, Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Computer and Software Engineering, College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Published:
August 22, 2024
Abstract
Introduction
Despite numerous efforts to define and categorize scientific events, a consensus remains elusive, complicating the understanding and classification of such events. The current study aims to establish clear, consensus-based definitions for various types of scientific events by examining their definitions and purposes from the perspectives of scholars across different countries.
Methods
The current study used a descriptive survey design to gather responses from scholars across 32 countries about their perceptions of scientific events. The sample size was determined using G*power, requiring 80 participants; 118 were recruited. Data was collected via a Google Forms survey with a 9-point Likert scale. Invitations were emailed. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was used to assess item relevance, with all items achieving a CVI above 0.78. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, and ethical considerations regarding voluntary participation and confidentiality were observed.
Results
This study validated the definitions of ten event types, each achieving a CVI above 0.78. The scientific events were categorized into conferences, symposiums, workshops, courses, summits, panels, meetings, fast-track reviews, annual reviews, and seminars. Course and panel garnered the highest level of consensus with a CVI of 0.983. Fast-track review also demonstrated a strong agreement among participants, with 82.2% expressing their concurrence with the provided definition.
Conclusion
The study establishes consensus-based definitions for scientific events, enhancing standardization in the academic community and underscoring the importance of precise categorization.
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