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Breast Carcinoma within Fibroadenoma: A Systematic Review

Abdulwahid M. Salih
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Lana R.A. Pshtiwan
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Mohammed Gh. Hamasaeed
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Sami S. Omar
Rizgary Oncology Center, Peshawa Qazi Street, Erbil, Iraq
Shaban Latif
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Shadi H. Sidiq
Department of Nursing, Raparin Technical and Vocational Institute, Rania, Iraq
Bushra O. Hussein
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Hunar A. Hassan
Kscien Organization for Scientific Rsearch (Middle East Office), Hamid Street, Azadi Mall, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Diyar A. Omar
Medical Laboratory Technology, Shaqlawa Technical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq
Sarhang S. Abdalla
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Hemn A. Hassan
Kscien Organization for Scientific Rsearch (Middle East Office), Hamid Street, Azadi Mall, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Yousif M. Mahmood
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Marwan N. Hassan
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Dahat A. Hussein
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Sasan M. Ahmed
Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Hiwa O. Abdullah
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Berun A. Abdalla
Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Abstract
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Published: November 30, 2024
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Abstract

Introduction

Fibroadenoma is the most common benign breast lesion; however, it carries a potential risk of malignant transformation. This systematic review provides an overview of the presentation, management, and outcome of carcinomas arising within fibroadenomas.

Methods

A systematic search on Google Scholar was conducted for English-language studies on breast carcinoma within fibroadenomas. Studies on fibroadenomas with no malignant components, review articles, pre-prints, incomplete data, and those published in suspicious journals were excluded.

Results

On ultrasonography, 28 masses (36.8%) appeared benign, and 20 (26.3%) were suspicious, with ultrasonographic data unavailable for the remaining tumors (36.8%). Mammography data were available for 50 tumors, revealing 27 benign lesions (54%) and 23 suspicious lesions (46%). Among the 17 lesions with available magnetic resonance imaging data, five were benign lesions (29.4%), and 12 were suspicious (70.6%). Cytology evaluation among 46 tumors revealed that 20 (43.5%) were benign, 24 (52.2%) were malignant, and two (4.3%) were suspicious. The most commonly performed surgery was wide local excision (50.7%), followed by mastectomy (32.9%). On histopathology, 11 tumors exhibited more than one pathology. Ductal carcinoma in situ was the most frequent finding (40.8%), followed by invasive ductal carcinoma (28.9%) and lobular carcinoma in situ (28.4%). Recurrence was observed in one case (1.4%), and metastasis occurred in two cases (2.8%).

Conclusion

Although rare, carcinomas arising within fibroadenomas may present considerable challenges in preoperative diagnosis, whether through imaging or cytology. Therefore, clinicians may find it necessary to approach fibroadenomas with increased caution.

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