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Review Articles

Cardiopulmonary Complications Following COVID-19 Vaccinations: A Systematic Review

Bnar J. Hama Amin
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Dana H. Mohammed Saeed
College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Hadi Mohammed Abdullah
Faruq Medical City. Sulaimani, Kurdistan,Iraq
Zana H. Mahmood
University Of Human Development, Sulaimani,Kurdistan, Iraq.
Karokh Fadhil Hamahussein
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Hussein M. Hamasalih
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Sabah Jalal Hasan
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Sanaa O. Karim
College of Nursing, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Marwan N. Hassan
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Fahmi H. Kakamad
College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Berun A. Abdalla
Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Fakher Abdullah
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Europe office), Verboomstraat 175b, 3082 jj Rotterdam, Netherlands
Hiwa O. Abdullah
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East office), Hamid Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdstan, Iraq
Jihad Ibrahim Hama
Research Center, University of Halabja, Halabja, Iraq
Sasan Mohammed Ahmed
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Shvan H. Mohammed
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East office), Hamid Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdstan, Iraq
Abstract
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Published: May 31, 2023
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Abstract

Introduction

Clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccines were insufficient to detect uncommon adverse outcomes that are crucial for risk-benefit analyses and informing clinical practice post-vaccination. As a result, detection of infrequent adverse events has become a global research priority. The current study aims to estimate the rate of cardiopulmonary complications associated with COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods

Two databases and one search engine were explored to identify English language-related studies published up to January 2023.

Results

The literature search turned up a total of 3974 relevant studies. Of them, 37 articles matched the inclusion criteria. Overall, seven studies from the United States. The mean age of patients was 25 years and about 77% of them were male. The most common reported consequence was inflammatory heart disease (myo-peri-cariditis), followed by pulmonary embolism (17%), and myocardial infarction (5%). The majority of complications were reported following mRNA COVID-19 vaccinations, particularly following the administration of the second dose. Pfizer has a slightly higher risk of cardiac complications following vaccination (4.1 per 100000 persons) than Moderna (3.7 per 100,000 persons).

Conclusion

Although cardiopulmonary complications associated with COVID-19 vaccinations are uncommon, they can be life-threatening. Therefore, more large-scale observational studies and review articles of those studies are strongly recommended.

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